Chloromethyl Glycosides as Versatile Synthons to Prepare Glycosyloxymethyl-Prodrugs
Hidde Elferink1, Willem H C Titulaer1, Maik G N Derks1
1Synthetic Organic Chemistry Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525, AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
This work investigates the addition of monosaccharides to marketed drugs to improve their pharmacokinetic properties for oral absorption. To this end, a set of chloromethyl glycoside synthons were developed to prepare a variety of glycosyloxymethyl-prodrugs derived from 5-fluorouracil, thioguanine, propofol and losartan. Drug release was studied in vitro using β-glucosidase confirming rapid conversion of the monosaccharide prodrugs to release the parent drug, formaldehyde and the monosaccharide. To showcase this prodrug approach, a glucosyloxymethyl conjugate of the tetrazole-containing drug losartan was used for in vivo experiments and showed complete release of the drug in a dog-model.
Related Concept Videos
Multiple Halogenation of Methyl Ketones: Haloform Reaction
Prodrugs
Prodrugs help overcome...
Preparation of Epoxides
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of...
Conversion of Alcohols to Alkyl Halides
Prochirality
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides


