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Risk Factors Affecting Complications of Access Site in Vascular Intervention through Common Femoral Artery

M O Lee1, K U Jeong1, K M Kim2

  • 1Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice
|January 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Using smaller needles for common femoral artery (CFA) access during vascular interventions can significantly reduce access-site complications. This study found that needle profile, not smoking or approach route, was the key factor in preventing issues like hematomas and pseudoaneurysms.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Interventional Radiology
  • Medical Device Technology

Background:

  • Femoral artery access is a traditional approach for vascular interventions.
  • Access-site complications can arise during these procedures.
  • Identifying risk factors is crucial for improving patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate risk factors for access-site complications.
  • Focus on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or peripheral arterial disease.
  • Investigate complications related to common femoral artery (CFA) access.

Main Methods:

  • 287 patients underwent CFA access for vascular interventions (TACE or PVI).
  • Ultrasound (US)-guided access was employed.
  • Comparison between 18-gauge (G) and 21-G needles, with closure devices or manual compression.
  • US evaluation of puncture sites within 24 hours.

Main Results:

  • Access-site complications occurred in 55 patients (hematoma, pseudoaneurysm, dissection).
  • Crude analysis linked 18-G needles, smoking, and approach route to complications.
  • Adjusted analysis identified needle size (smaller profile) as the sole significant factor (OR, 2.13; P = 0.025).

Conclusions:

  • Needle profile is the primary factor associated with CFA access-site complications.
  • Utilizing needles with a smaller profile than 18-G can decrease complication incidence.
  • This finding has implications for procedural safety in vascular interventions.
Abstract

Keywords:
Access sitecommon femoral arterycomplicationsrisk factorvascular intervention

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