Hemoadsorption of Rivaroxaban and Ticagrelor during Acute Type A Aortic Dissection Operations

To analyze the results of hemoadsorption in patients with cardiac surgery to thoracic aortic surgery, who had been loaded beforehand with either Factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban or P2Y12 receptor antagonist ticagrelor.

We investigated 21 of 171 consecutive patients (median age 71 [interquartile range 62, 76] years) who underwent emergency cardiac operations for acute type A aortic dissection between 2014 and 2020. These patients were pretreated with rivaroxaban (n = 9) or ticagrelor (n = 12). In ten of 21 cases (since 2017), we installed a hemoadsorber into the heart-lung machine and compared the results to eleven patients done without hemoadsorber before that time.

The operation time was significantly shorter in the adsorber group (286 ± 40 min vs. 348 ± 79 min; p = 0.045). The postoperative 24-hour drainage volume was significantly lower after adsorption (p <0.001; 482 ± 122 ml vs. 907 ± 427 ml) and no rethoracotomy had to be performed (compared to two rethoracotomies [18.9%] among patients without adsorber use). Also, patients without hemoadsorption required significantly more platelet transfusions (p = 0.049).

In patients with acute type A aortic dissection who were pretreated with rivaroxaban and ticagrelor, the intraoperative use of CytoSorb hemoadsorption during cardiopulmonary bypass is reported for the first time. The method was found to be effective to prevent from bleeding and to improve the outcome in aortic dissection.