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Related Concept Videos

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

670
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
670
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

384
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
384
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

592
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
592
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

501
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
501
Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

335
Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure...
335
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

3.0K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
3.0K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
04:44

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Published on: June 16, 2020

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Elderly Onset Sarcoidosis: A Case Report.

Lintu Ramachandran1, Saagar Pamulapati1, Aisha Barlas1

  • 1Internal Medicine, Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, USA.

Cureus
|January 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a rare case of sarcoidosis in an 80-year-old female. Elderly-onset sarcoidosis may present differently, warranting physician awareness for early diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Sarcoidosis is a multi-organ autoimmune disease predominantly affecting younger individuals.
  • Elderly-onset sarcoidosis is infrequently reported, with limited data on its characteristics.

Observation:

  • A case of sarcoidosis is detailed in an 80-year-old female patient.
  • The patient succumbed to complications directly related to sarcoidosis.

Findings:

  • Elderly-onset sarcoidosis exhibits distinct features compared to the general sarcoidosis population.
  • Hypercalcemia and abnormal chest imaging findings are key indicators in older patients.

Implications:

  • Physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for sarcoidosis in elderly patients presenting with specific clinical and imaging findings.
Keywords:
elderly onset sarcoidosiseoshypercalcemialate onset sarcoidosissarcoidosis

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  • Early recognition and diagnosis of sarcoidosis in the elderly are crucial for timely management and potentially improved outcomes.