Methods of producing three dimensional electrospun scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: A review

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Tissue Engineering
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Bone is a dynamic, living tissue requiring substitutes for complex defects.
• Bone tissue engineering aims to heal defects unresponsive to natural processes.
• Electrospinning creates fibrous scaffolds mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review strategies for fabricating 3D electrospun scaffolds for bone regeneration.
• To discuss materials and procedures for creating these advanced scaffolds.
• To explore combining electrospinning with other techniques for 3D bone defect repair.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent literature on 3D electrospun scaffold fabrication.
• Analysis of materials and procedures used in electrospinning and co-electrospinning.
• Investigation of hybrid techniques combining electrospinning with other scaffold manufacturing methods.

Main Results:

• Electrospinning offers high porosity and surface area, but traditional meshes are 2D.
• Fabrication of 3D electrospun scaffolds is crucial for mimicking native tissue architecture.
• Combining electrospinning with other techniques enhances 3D scaffold potential for bone regeneration.

Conclusions:

• 3D electrospun scaffolds show promise for bone tissue engineering applications.
• Advanced fabrication strategies are essential for creating effective bone substitutes.
• These scaffolds have the potential to engineer missing bone tissue in humans.