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Related Concept Videos

Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
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Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration01:25

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration

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Hemoperfusion and hemofiltration are critical techniques in medical treatments to eliminate accumulated drugs, metabolites, and electrolytes from the bloodstream. These methods are particularly vital in cases of accidental poisoning and drug overdose.Hemoperfusion involves passing blood through an adsorbent material to remove unwanted substances. The main adsorbents used in hemoperfusion include activated charcoal and Amberlite resins. Activated charcoal can adsorb both polar and nonpolar...
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Symbiosis00:58

Symbiosis

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Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those species. When a relationship is beneficial to both species, this is called mutualism. When the relationship is beneficial to one species but neither beneficial nor harmful to the other species, this is called commensalism. When one organism is harmed to benefit another, the relationship is known as parasitism. These types of relationships often...
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Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Plasmodium falciparum Gametocyte Culture and Mosquito Infection Through Artificial Membrane Feeding
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Fluid therapy for severe malaria.

Laura C Kalkman1, Thomas Hänscheid2, Sanjeev Krishna3

  • 1Centre of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Centre de Recherches Médicales en Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon.

The Lancet. Infectious Diseases
|January 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aggressive fluid loading is not recommended for severe malaria patients, as it risks complications. Individualized, conservative fluid management is advised to improve outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Severe malaria management often involves fluid therapy.
  • Patients typically present with normal hemodynamic parameters but dehydration-induced hypovolemia.
  • Tissue hypoxia, acidosis, and renal dysfunction stem from microcirculatory issues and anemia, not solely hypovolemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on fluid management in severe malaria.
  • To highlight research needs for optimizing fluid therapy and improving survival.
  • To challenge the practice of aggressive fluid loading.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on fluid therapy in severe malaria.
  • Analysis of physiological factors contributing to poor outcomes.
  • Discussion of current and potential methods for fluid status assessment.

Main Results:

  • Aggressive fluid loading does not improve acid-base status, renal function, or patient outcomes.
  • Excessive fluids can lead to pulmonary edema.
  • Current methods for guiding fluid therapy (physical exam, physiological indices) have limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized, conservative fluid management is recommended for severe malaria.
  • Reliable, low-resource methods for assessing fluid status are urgently needed.
  • Further research is critical to optimize fluid therapy and enhance survival rates in severe malaria.