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MicroRNA-mediated control of myocardial infarction in diabetes
Daniel Pérez-Cremades1, Jingshu Chen2, Carmel Assa2
1Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 02115; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain 46010.
Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus is a global public health problem whose cases will continue to rise along with the progressive increase in obesity and the aging of the population. People with diabetes exhibit higher risk of cardiovascular complications, especially myocardial infarction (MI). microRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionary conserved small non-coding RNAs involved in the regulation of biological processes by interfering in gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Accumulating studies in the last two decades have uncovered the role of stage-specific miRNAs associated with key pathobiological events observed in the hearts of people with diabetes and MI, including cardiomyocyte death, angiogenesis, inflammatory response, myocardial remodeling, and myocardial lipotoxicity. A better understanding of the importance of these miRNAs and their targets may provide novel opportunities for RNA-based therapeutic interventions to address the increased risk of MI in diabetes.
Insights
Diabetes and myocardial infarction (MI) risk increase with obesity and aging. Specific microRNAs (miRNAs) play roles in heart disease in diabetes, offering potential for new RNA-based therapies.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health issue, increasing cardiovascular risks, particularly myocardial infarction (MI).
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression, influencing biological processes.
- Specific miRNAs are implicated in diabetes-related heart conditions like cardiomyocyte death and inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of specific miRNAs in the cardiac complications of diabetes.
- To understand how miRNAs contribute to myocardial infarction (MI) in diabetic patients.
- To identify potential RNA-based therapeutic targets for diabetic heart disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on miRNAs in diabetes and myocardial infarction.
- Analysis of miRNA involvement in pathobiological events in diabetic hearts.
- Examination of miRNA targets and their relation to cardiac dysfunction.
Main Results:
- Identified stage-specific miRNAs linked to cardiomyocyte death, inflammation, and remodeling in diabetic hearts.
- Highlighted the role of miRNAs in myocardial lipotoxicity and angiogenesis.
- Established a connection between specific miRNAs and increased risk of MI in diabetes.
Conclusions:
- MicroRNAs are critical in the development of cardiovascular complications in diabetes.
- Understanding miRNA mechanisms offers new avenues for treating MI in diabetic populations.
- RNA-based therapies targeting specific miRNAs show promise for managing diabetic heart disease.
