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Security Analysis of Continuous-Variable Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution Systems in Complex
Yi Zheng1, Haobin Shi1, Wei Pan1
1School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 21, 2022
Summary
Fluctuating channel transmittance in continuous-variable measure-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) systems can significantly degrade performance and enable denial-of-service attacks. Gaussian post-selection can help mitigate these security risks.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Information Science
- Quantum Cryptography
- Cybersecurity
Background:
- Continuous-variable measure-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) aims to eliminate detector imperfections.
- Practical CV-MDI QKD systems face challenges like fluctuating channel transmittance.
- Channel transmittance is typically modeled as fixed, but real-world conditions vary.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the security implications of fluctuating channel transmittance in CV-MDI QKD.
- Analyze the impact of transmittance variations on parameter estimation and secret key rates.
- Explore potential denial-of-service attacks exploiting transmittance fluctuations.
Main Methods:
- Developed channel models for fluctuating transmittance (two-point and uniform distributions).
- Evaluated parameter estimation deviations under fluctuating transmittance.
- Analyzed secret key rates for different transmittance distribution scenarios.
- Simulated system performance under fluctuating channel conditions.
Main Results:
- Fluctuating channel transmittance causes significant deviations in parameter estimation compared to ideal cases.
- Transmittance distributions, especially those manipulable by eavesdroppers, drastically reduce system performance.
- Extreme asymmetric cases show severe performance degradation.
- Fluctuations can lead to immediate communication interruption, enabling denial-of-service attacks.
Conclusions:
- Fluctuating channel transmittance poses a serious security threat to CV-MDI QKD systems.
- Eavesdroppers can exploit transmittance manipulation for denial-of-service attacks.
- Gaussian post-selection offers a method to calibrate parameter estimation and improve system resilience against transmittance fluctuations.
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