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Sleep Polygenic Risk Score Is Associated with Cognitive Changes over Time.

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Genetic predisposition to longer sleep duration, measured by Sleep Polygenic Risk Score (PRS), is linked to declining visuo-spatial ability in older adults. This suggests common genetic variants influence the relationship between sleep and cognitive health over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Sleep problems and genetic factors are independently associated with cognitive function.
  • Understanding the genetic underpinnings of sleep duration can provide insights into cognitive aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the association between Sleep Polygenic Risk Score (Sleep PRS) and self-reported sleep duration.
  • To examine the longitudinal association between Sleep PRS and cognitive changes over three years in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet (HELIAD) study.
  • Created a Sleep PRS based on genome-wide association study meta-analysis.
  • Employed generalized estimating equations to analyze the relationship between Sleep PRS and cognitive trajectories, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Validated the association between Sleep PRS and self-reported sleep duration.
  • Found significant associations between increased Sleep PRS and decreased visuo-spatial ability trajectories.
  • No significant associations were found between Sleep PRS and other cognitive domains after adjusting for sleep medication.

Conclusions:

  • A genetic predisposition for longer sleep duration is associated with accelerated decline in visuo-spatial ability in non-demented older adults.
  • Common genetic variants may play a role in mediating the relationship between sleep duration and cognitive health during aging.