Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

7.1K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.1K
Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

166
Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
166
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

14.9K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
14.9K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

12.0K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
12.0K
Transposons01:24

Transposons

255
Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
255
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

8.8K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
8.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Intratumoral collagen correlates with histological grade and patient prognosis in breast cancer.

Experimental and molecular pathology·2026
Same author

Tau protein as a regulator of mitochondrial function and dynamics.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Platelet proteome links metabolism to reactivity in Essential Thrombocythemia.

Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP·2026
Same author

Interactions between extracellular vesicles and viruses: lessons learned across species and kingdoms.

FEMS microbiology reviews·2026
Same author

Proteomic data of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>.

Data in brief·2026
Same author

Predatory myxobacteria lay at the cross-roads of metallo-β-lactamase evolution.

Communications biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Large-scale Production of Recombinant RNAs on a Circular Scaffold Using a Viroid-derived System in Escherichia coli
10:38

Large-scale Production of Recombinant RNAs on a Circular Scaffold Using a Viroid-derived System in Escherichia coli

Published on: November 30, 2018

9.8K

Revisiting the Non-Coding Nature of Pospiviroids.

Konstantina Katsarou1,2, Charith Raj Adkar-Purushothama3, Emilios Tassios1,4

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 71409 Heraklion, Greece.

Cells
|January 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated if potato spindle tuber viroids (PSTVd) produce peptides. Despite PSTVd being found in ribosomes, no viroid-derived peptides were detected, suggesting other functions.

Keywords:
PSTVdcirRNAmass spectrometrynon-coding RNAtranslationviroid

More Related Videos

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors
06:02

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

Published on: September 13, 2018

7.0K
Reverse Genetics Mediated Recovery of Infectious Murine Norovirus
13:48

Reverse Genetics Mediated Recovery of Infectious Murine Norovirus

Published on: June 24, 2012

16.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Large-scale Production of Recombinant RNAs on a Circular Scaffold Using a Viroid-derived System in Escherichia coli
10:38

Large-scale Production of Recombinant RNAs on a Circular Scaffold Using a Viroid-derived System in Escherichia coli

Published on: November 30, 2018

9.8K
Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors
06:02

Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

Published on: September 13, 2018

7.0K
Reverse Genetics Mediated Recovery of Infectious Murine Norovirus
13:48

Reverse Genetics Mediated Recovery of Infectious Murine Norovirus

Published on: June 24, 2012

16.8K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Viroids are small, circular RNA pathogens causing significant plant economic losses.
  • Historically considered non-coding, recent discoveries of translated RNA entities and viroid ribosome localization suggest potential translation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential translation of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid (PSTVd) into small peptides.
  • To determine if PSTVd's presence in ribosomes is linked to peptide production.

Main Methods:

  • Advanced bioinformatic analysis.
  • In vitro experiments.
  • Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to detect small peptides.

Main Results:

  • PSTVd was detected within ribosomes under experimental conditions.
  • No small viroid-derived peptides were identified from PSTVd.

Conclusions:

  • The presence of PSTVd in ribosomes does not appear to be related to peptide production.
  • PSTVd's function within ribosomes remains unknown and requires further investigation.