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Exploring Response to Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Delta-Radiomics.

Emanuele Barabino1, Giovanni Rossi2,3, Silvia Pamparino4

  • 1Interventional Angiography, Ospedale Santa Corona-ASL 2 Savonese, 17027 Pietra Ligure, Italy.

Cancers
|January 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Delta-radiomics, analyzing changes in imaging features over time, can predict treatment response in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This method helps identify early signs of response and pseudo-progression.

Keywords:
NSCLCantiPD1delta-radiomicsimmune checkpoint inhibitorimmunotherapypredictive valueradiomics

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Imaging Analysis

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are transforming non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment.
  • Accurate assessment of therapeutic response remains a challenge in ICI therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictive ability of delta-radiomics features for treatment response in NSCLC patients undergoing ICI therapy.
  • To identify radiomic changes that correlate with treatment outcomes and pseudo-progression.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of contrast-enhanced CT scans from 33 NSCLC patients treated with ICIs.
  • Extraction of radiomic features from baseline and reassessment scans for 43 lung lesions.
  • Calculation of delta (Δ) features representing the variation in radiomic features.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-seven delta features demonstrated statistically significant accuracy in discriminating radiologic response to ICIs.
  • Variation in nine specific features significantly correlated with pseudo-progression, an early indicator of treatment response.

Conclusions:

  • Delta-radiomics offers a promising approach for predicting and monitoring treatment response in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs.
  • Radiomic feature variation can aid in differentiating true progression from pseudo-progression, optimizing patient management.