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Flow-Responsive Noncoding RNAs in the Vascular System: Basic Mechanisms for the Clinician.

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  • 1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.

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Vascular cells sense blood flow changes, impacting vascular remodeling and atherosclerosis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their role in flow-sensing, offering potential as disease biomarkers.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The vascular system is constantly exposed to dynamic blood flow conditions.
  • Vascular cells possess mechanisms to sense and respond to these flow changes.
  • Flow sensing is critical for vascular remodeling and influences atherosclerosis development and complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in mediating vascular responses to flow.
  • To highlight the mechanisms by which ncRNAs link flow-sensing to vascular pathophysiology.
  • To discuss the potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers for flow-related vascular diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating ncRNAs and vascular flow.
  • Analysis of evidence linking specific ncRNAs to flow-responsive pathways.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on ncRNA modulation by hemodynamic forces.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs are emerging as key regulators in the interplay between vascular flow and cellular responses.
  • Specific ncRNAs are identified as being directly or indirectly modulated by flow conditions.
  • These ncRNAs influence various biological processes relevant to vascular health and disease.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs play a significant role in translating mechanical stimuli from blood flow into cellular responses.
  • Understanding ncRNA regulation by flow offers new insights into atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling.
  • ncRNAs responsive to flow conditions hold promise as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for vascular diseases.