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Laser Micromachining for Polymer Surface Topography Design

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Polyamide 6-Aluminum Assembly Enhanced by Laser Microstructuring.

Karol Bula¹, Bartosz Korzeniewski¹

¹Institute of Materials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.

|January 21, 2022

Summary

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Low-power laser texturing enhances adhesion between glass fiber-filled polyamide 6 and aluminum. Surface engraving with a fiber laser improves micromechanical bonding, leading to stronger material joints for injection molding applications.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Surface Engineering
Mechanical Engineering

Background:

Improving interfacial adhesion between polymers and metals is crucial for advanced composite materials.
Traditional surface treatments can be energy-intensive or less effective for complex geometries.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the use of low-power laser treatment for enhancing micromechanical adhesion between polyamide 6 and aluminum.
To optimize laser parameters for improved interfacial bonding in injection molding applications.

Main Methods:

Micro-patterning of aluminum sheets using a fiber laser at various speeds (50-300 mm/s).
Joining of laser-treated aluminum inserts with glass fiber-filled polyamide 6 via injection molding (one-side and two-side configurations).
Lap shear testing to evaluate joint strength; optical microscopy and roughness analysis to characterize surfaces.

Keywords:

aluminum hybrid joints laser structuring mechanical properties overmolding polyamide 6

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Main Results:

Laser surface engraving created micro-grooves, with the lowest speed (50 mm/s) producing the highest surface roughness (Ra = 16.8 μm) due to recast melt formation.
Maximum shear force for one-sided joints was 883 N (at 50 mm/s).
Two-sided joints achieved an ultimate force of 1410 N at a scanning speed of 200 mm/s.

Conclusions:

Low-power laser surface treatment effectively enhances the micromechanical adhesion between polyamide 6 and aluminum.
Laser parameters, particularly scanning speed, significantly influence surface topography and resulting joint strength.
Optimized laser engraving offers a viable method for creating robust polymer-metal composites through injection molding.