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Longitudinal Impact of WTC Dust Inhalation on Rat Cardiac Tissue Transcriptomic Profiles.

Sung-Hyun Park1, Yuting Lu2, Yongzhao Shao2

  • 1Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|January 21, 2022
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

World Trade Center (WTC) dust exposure in rats revealed long-term heart gene alterations, suggesting a potential cause for increased heart disease in first responders. This study highlights WTC dust

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • First responders (FR) exposed to World Trade Center (WTC) Ground Zero air after 9/11 show elevated heart disease rates.
  • The potential role of WTC dust as a causative agent for these cardiovascular issues requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if WTC dust exposure induces long-term changes in cardiac gene expression in a rat model.
  • To explore potential mechanisms linking WTC dust exposure to cardiovascular dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were exposed to WTC dust or control air under isoflurane (ISO) anesthesia for 2 hours/day over 2 days.
  • Cardiac gene transcription profiles were analyzed at multiple time points (1, 30, 240, and 360 days post-exposure).
  • Differential gene expression and functional gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed.
Keywords:
WTC dustrat cardiac tissuetranscriptomic profiles

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Main Results:

  • No significant differentially expressed genes (DEG) were found at early time points (days 1, 30, 240).
  • At day 360, 14 DEG were identified, with most linked to heart function, suggesting long-term effects of WTC dust alone.
  • GSEA indicated potential impacts on myocardial energy metabolism (PPAR signaling) and heart valve development at day 360.

Conclusions:

  • WTC dust exposure can significantly alter cardiac-associated genes in the long term, beyond anesthesia effects.
  • This study provides the first evidence of WTC dust's potential to cause long-term cardiac gene expression changes.
  • Findings have implications for first responders with repeated WTC Ground Zero exposure, even over 20 years later.