Voluntary workplace genomic testing: wellness benefit or Pandora's box?

Area of Science:

• Genomics and Genetic Testing
• Occupational Health and Wellness
• Bioethics and Social Implications

Background:

• Consumer demand for genetic and genomic testing is increasing, with over 26 million Americans using direct-to-consumer services.
• Commercial vendors are expanding genetic testing services, including pharmacogenomic and pathogenic variant testing, into workplace wellness programs.
• This trend signifies a growing comfort with genetic testing outside traditional clinical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the appeal of voluntary workplace genomic testing (wGT) to both employers and employees.
• To review the historical ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) literature concerning genetic testing in the workplace.
• To outline the current legal landscape relevant to workplace genomic testing.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of ELSI concerning workplace genetic testing.
• Analysis of the current legal framework.
• Identification of employer and employee interests and concerns in the nascent wGT market.

Main Results:

• Workplace genomic testing is gaining traction due to increasing consumer comfort with genetic services.
• Existing literature and legal frameworks provide a foundation for understanding wGT, but specific workplace considerations are evolving.
• The market for wGT is in its early stages, necessitating proactive identification of stakeholder interests.

Conclusions:

• The current early stage of the workplace genomic testing market presents a critical window for establishing governance.
• Developing data-driven policies that address the specific concerns of employees and employers is essential.
• Proactive governance will ensure that regulations evolve alongside the wGT market, mitigating potential risks and maximizing benefits.