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Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Dorsal Skin of Hamsters: a Useful Model for the Screening of Antileishmanial Drugs
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Cutaneous balamuthiasis: A clinicopathological study.

Patricia Alvarez1, Carlos Torres-Cabala2, Eduardo Gotuzzo1,3

  • 1Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.

JAAD International
|January 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Balamuthia mandrillaris causes rare infections with skin and neurological symptoms. This study details characteristic skin lesions and granulomatous dermatitis in affected patients.

Keywords:
Balamuthia mandrillarisCNS, central nervous systemFLA, free-living amoebabalamuthiasisfree-living amoebasgranulomatous amoebic encephalitis

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free-living amoeba causing rare, severe infections.
  • Infections involve skin and neurological systems, often with poor outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and histopathological features of cutaneous balamuthiasis.
  • To identify diagnostic markers for Balamuthia infections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of patients with suspected cutaneous balamuthiasis.
  • Analysis of skin biopsies and direct immunofluorescence test results.
  • Data collected from 1985 to 2007 at two Peruvian institutions.

Main Results:

  • Centrofacial lesions, particularly on the nose, were common (73%).
  • Histopathology revealed granulomatous dermatitis with tuberculoid granulomas and giant cells in most biopsies.
  • Balamuthia mandrillaris trophozoites were identified in 71% of biopsies.

Conclusions:

  • Balamuthia mandrillaris induces characteristic skin lesions.
  • Ill-defined tuberculoid granulomas and multinucleated giant cells are key histopathological findings.
  • Direct immunofluorescence is a valuable diagnostic tool.