Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

183
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
183
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

3.3K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
3.3K
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

4.1K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
4.1K
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant

4
In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...
4
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

38.7K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
38.7K
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

3.1K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Intradialytic Renal Rehabilitation and Mortality: Results from the Registry of Active Renal Rehabilitation in Dialysis Patients (REVEAL-D).

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·2026
Same author

Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes by CKD stage and etiology of CKD: A Randomly Selected Nationwide Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study in Japan (Reach-J Study).

American journal of nephrology·2026
Same author

Factors associated with loss of renal function in patients with polycystic kidney disease: a nationwide real-world data analysis.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

[Mechanistic insights into maintenance and disruption of membrane phosphatidylserine asymmetry in human erythrocytes: a survival strategy during their lifespan].

Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica·2026
Same author

Combination effect of nutrition and exercise intervention in patients with maintenance dialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Clinical nutrition ESPEN·2026
Same author

Efficacy of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in Patients on Hemodialysis: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Kidney medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
05:55

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Published on: September 27, 2024

697

Effect of loaded exercise for renal osteodystrophy.

Masaki Hatano1, Izuru Kitajima2, Masaki Nakamura2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 1-3-1 Kajigaya, Takatu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-8587, Japan. hm0523jp@yahoo.co.jp.

CEN Case Reports
|January 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Daily exercise may preserve cancellous bone in patients with hyperparathyroidism or hypoparathyroidism undergoing long-term hemodialysis. This bone histomorphometry study highlights exercise benefits for renal osteodystrophy patients.

Keywords:
Bone histomorphometryHyperparathyroidismHypoparathyroidismLong-term loaded exercise therapy

More Related Videos

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy
03:52

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy

Published on: February 21, 2025

569
Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats
08:56

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Published on: April 7, 2023

1.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
05:55

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Published on: September 27, 2024

697
The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy
03:52

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy

Published on: February 21, 2025

569
Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats
08:56

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Published on: April 7, 2023

1.0K

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology and Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism and Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Long-term hemodialysis (HD) for diabetes can lead to renal osteodystrophy.
  • Hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism are common complications affecting bone health in HD patients.

Observation:

  • Two patients on long-term HD with differing parathyroid hormone levels (hyperparathyroidism: 1070 pg/mL; hypoparathyroidism: 3 pg/mL) underwent bone histomorphometry.
  • Case 1 (hyperparathyroidism) exhibited mixed renal osteodystrophy with cortical bone thinning and porosis.
  • Case 2 (hypoparathyroidism) presented with adynamic renal osteodystrophy without significant cortical changes.

Findings:

  • Both patients engaged in daily, long-term strength training and walking for over 10 years.
  • Despite cortical differences, trabecular connectivity of cancellous bone was preserved in both individuals.
  • Bone volume to total volume was 18.2% in Case 1 and 35.1% in Case 2.

Implications:

  • Long-term loaded exercise therapy may be crucial for preserving cancellous bone structure.
  • Exercise interventions could mitigate bone loss in patients with varying forms of renal osteodystrophy.
  • This suggests a potential therapeutic role for exercise in managing bone complications in hemodialysis patients.