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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Long-term renal outcome post-multimodal computed tomography in stroke evaluation.

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  • 1Department of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

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|January 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) after multimodal computed tomography (MMCT) for stroke evaluation is low. Long-term renal outcomes are favorable, with no significant kidney injury observed beyond 30 days post-procedure.

Keywords:
acute kidney injurycomputed tomography angiographycontrast-induced nephropathycreatininestroke

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a potential complication following imaging procedures.
  • Recent studies suggest a low risk of CA-AKI after multimodal computed tomography (MMCT) for acute stroke evaluation.
  • Long-term renal outcomes after MMCT in stroke patients require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence of CA-AKI in patients undergoing MMCT for suspected stroke.
  • To assess the long-term renal function and outcomes in these patients.
  • To determine the safety profile of MMCT regarding renal health in stroke evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of suspected stroke cases undergoing MMCT (CTA, CTP, or both) between January 2019 and June 2020.
  • Inclusion criteria focused on patients with available renal follow-up data.
  • Calculation of CA-AKI incidence and assessment of renal function at >30 days post-MMCT.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of CA-AKI was 7.6% (18/238 cases).
  • All identified CA-AKI cases were associated with pre-existing renal confounders.
  • No acute kidney injury (AKI) was observed in 60.5% (144/238) of cases at >30 days post-MMCT.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of CA-AKI following MMCT for stroke evaluation is low.
  • The presence of renal confounders is a significant factor in CA-AKI development.
  • Long-term renal outcomes appear favorable (>30 days) after MMCT in stroke patients, suggesting a good safety profile.