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Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
Published on: February 10, 2023
Risk assessment of venous thromboembolism and bleeding in COVID-19 patients
Lan Wang1,2, Lan Zhao1,3, Feng Li1
1Department of Respirology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Insights
Critically ill COVID-19 patients face high risks of both blood clots (venous thromboembolism) and bleeding. Individualized prevention strategies are crucial for managing these risks in severe cases.
Area of Science:
- Medicine
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic.
- Increasing evidence links COVID-19 with heightened risks of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
- This study evaluates in-hospital VTE and bleeding risks in COVID-19 patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify in-hospital venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk.
- To identify in-hospital bleeding risk.
- To analyze clinical features of VTE patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 138 COVID-19 patients.
- Utilized Padua Prediction Score for VTE risk assessment.
- Employed Improve bleed risk assessment model for bleeding risk.
Main Results:
- 16.7% of patients had high VTE risk; 6.5% had high bleeding risk.
- Critically ill patients (15) faced dual high risks for thrombosis and hemorrhage.
- VTE occurred in 2.9% of all patients (20% of critically ill); one major hemorrhage during treatment.
Conclusions:
- Critically ill COVID-19 patients exhibit high risks for both thrombosis and bleeding.
- Individualized bleeding risk assessment is vital for effective VTE prevention in severe cases.
- Enhanced VTE prevention strategies are needed for critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Background:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly recognized illness that has spread rapidly all over the world. More and more reports highlight the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in COVID-19. Our study aims to identify in-hospital VTE risk and bleeding risk in COVID-19 patients.
Methods:
We retrospectively studied 138 consecutively enrolled patients with COVID-19 and identified in-hospital VTE and bleeding risk by Padua Prediction Score and Improve bleed risk assessment model. The clinical data and features were analyzed in VTE patients.
Results:
Our findings identified that 23 (16.7%) patients with COVID-19 were at high risk for VTE according to Padua prediction score and 9 (6.5%) patients were at high risk of bleeding for VTE prophylaxis according to Improve prediction score. Fifteen critically ill patients faced double high risk from thrombosis (Padua score more than 4 points in all 15 [100%] patients) and hemorrhage (Improve score more than 7 points in 9 [60.0%] patients). Thrombotic events were identified in four patients (2.9%) of all COVID-19 patients. All of them were diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis by ultrasound 3 to 18 days after admission. Three (75.0%) were critically ill patients, which means that the incidence of VTE among critically ill patients was 20%. One major hemorrhage happened in critically ill patients during VTE treatment.
Conclusion:
Critically ill patients with COVID-19 suffered both a high risk of thrombosis and bleeding risks. More effective VTE prevention strategies based on an individual assessment of bleeding risks were necessary for critically ill patients with COVID-19.
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