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Systemic mastocytosis in 16 dogs.
D A O'Keefe1, C G Couto, C Burke-Schwartz
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|April 1, 1987
Summary
Systemic mastocytosis in dogs often originates from cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs). Advanced-grade MCTs were common, and most dogs with systemic mastocytosis did not survive.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Canine Oncology
- Mast Cell Diseases
Background:
- Systemic mastocytosis is a rare condition in dogs.
- Cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) are the most common presentation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical and pathological features of systemic mastocytosis in dogs.
- To investigate the relationship between cutaneous tumor characteristics and systemic dissemination.
- To evaluate diagnostic methods for mastocytosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series of 16 dogs with systemic mastocytosis.
- Clinical data, physical examination findings, and diagnostic results were reviewed.
- Histopathological evaluation of tumors and affected organs.
Main Results:
- Most dogs (14/16) had primary cutaneous MCTs, often Grade III or undifferentiated.
- Common signs included regional tumor dissemination, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly.
- Bone marrow aspirates were more sensitive than peripheral blood for diagnosing mastocytosis.
Conclusions:
- Systemic mastocytosis in dogs is frequently associated with high-grade cutaneous MCTs.
- Prognosis is poor, with high mortality rates.
- Bone marrow evaluation is crucial for accurate diagnosis.