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Capacitor With A Dielectric

Capacitor With A Dielectric

Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...

Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen

Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen

A device engineer plays a crucial role in designing user interfaces for mobile devices. One such interface is the resistive touchscreen, which fundamentally consists of two metallic layers: a flexible upper layer and a rigid lower layer, separated by a narrow gap. The high resistance between these two layers is a key characteristic of this design.
When a user touches the screen, the two layers make contact at a specific point known as the touchpoint. This contact reduces the resistance between...

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.

Equivalent Capacitance

Equivalent Capacitance

Multiple capacitors can be connected in a circuit in series or parallel configuration. When the capacitor combination is connected to a battery, the potential drop across each capacitor and the magnitude of charge stored in the individual capacitor depends on the type of the connection. The capacitor combination is replaced by a single equivalent capacitor that stores the same amount of charge as the combination for a given potential difference.
The following strategies are adopted to calculate...

Spherical and Cylindrical Capacitor

Spherical and Cylindrical Capacitor

A spherical capacitor consists of two concentric conducting spherical shells of radii R1 (inner shell) and R2 (outer shell). The shells have equal and opposite charges of +Q and −Q, respectively. For an isolated conducting spherical capacitor, the radius of the outer shell can be considered to be infinite.
Conventionally, considering the symmetry, the electric field between the concentric shells of a spherical capacitor is directed radially outward. The magnitude of the field,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Microfluidic Channel-Based Soft Electrodes and Their Application in Capacitive Pressure Sensing

Author Spotlight: Microfluidic Channel-Based Soft Electrodes and Their Application in Capacitive Pressure Sensing

Published on: March 17, 2023

A Dielectric Elastomer-Based Multimodal Capacitive Sensor.

Yuting Zhu^1,2, Tim Giffney³, Kean Aw¹

¹Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 22, 2022

Summary

A new dielectric elastomer sensor can simultaneously detect touch pressure and location. This soft, flexible sensor advances applications in robotics and human-machine interfaces.

Keywords:

dielectric elastomer flexible pressure sensor multi-location stretchable sensor

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Fabrication Process of Silicone-based Dielectric Elastomer Actuators

Fabrication Process of Silicone-based Dielectric Elastomer Actuators

Published on: February 1, 2016

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Last Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Microfluidic Channel-Based Soft Electrodes and Their Application in Capacitive Pressure Sensing

Author Spotlight: Microfluidic Channel-Based Soft Electrodes and Their Application in Capacitive Pressure Sensing

Published on: March 17, 2023

Sensitivity Enhancement of Soft Capacitive Pressure Sensors Using a Solvent Evaporation-Based Porosity Control Technique

Sensitivity Enhancement of Soft Capacitive Pressure Sensors Using a Solvent Evaporation-Based Porosity Control Technique

Published on: March 24, 2023

Fabrication Process of Silicone-based Dielectric Elastomer Actuators

Fabrication Process of Silicone-based Dielectric Elastomer Actuators

Published on: February 1, 2016

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Robotics
Sensor Technology

Background:

Dielectric elastomer (DE) sensors are versatile, finding use in robotics, wearables, and rehabilitation.
Existing sensors often lack simultaneous pressure and location sensing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel dielectric elastomer-based multimodal capacitive sensor.
To enable simultaneous quantification of applied pressure and touch location.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a multi-layer, soft, flexible, and stretchable DE capacitive pressure mat.
Integration of a top layer for pressure measurement and an underlying sensor array for location identification.
Utilizing a passive elastomeric substrate to enhance deformation and sensor sensitivity.

Main Results:

The developed sensor successfully quantifies both pressure and location of touch simultaneously.
The sensor exhibits soft, flexible, and stretchable properties suitable for various applications.
The design demonstrates potential for improved deformation and optimized sensitivity.

Conclusions:

The multimodal DE capacitive sensor offers combined pressure and localization capabilities.
This technology opens avenues for advanced bio-mechatronics and humanoid devices.
Potential applications include robotic manipulation, fruit picking, and diabetic insoles.