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Transcriptome-scale spatial gene expression in rat arcuate nucleus during puberty.

Shasha Zhou1,2, Shaolian Zang2, Yanping Hu3

  • 1Central Laboratory, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, 2666, Ludang Road, Suzhou, 215200, Jiangsu, China.

Cell & Bioscience
|January 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers mapped gene expression in rat hypothalamus during puberty. They identified a specific kisspeptin neuron marker (SLC18A3) and found distinct cell functions coordinating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.

Keywords:
ARCHypothalamusKiss1PubertySlc18a3Spatial transcriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Pubertal development involves complex gene regulation in hypothalamic neurons controlling the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis.
  • Understanding cell composition and transcriptional signatures in the hypothalamus is crucial for isolating specific neurons and their functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a dynamic spatial atlas of gene expression in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) during pubertal development in female rats.
  • To identify specific cell types, particularly kisspeptin neurons, and their unique transcriptional profiles.
  • To elucidate the regulatory network governing HPG axis activation during puberty.

Main Methods:

  • Spatial gene expression profiling of the rat hypothalamus (ARC) at postnatal days 25, 35, and 45 using the 10× Genomics Visium platform.
  • Isolation of kisspeptin neurons via flow cytometry using a specific surface protein biomarker.
  • Transcriptome analysis of isolated cells using Smart sequencing.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct neuronal subclusters were identified in the ARC based on gene expression patterns.
  • Kisspeptin neurons were isolated using the novel biomarker Solute carrier family 18 member A3 (SLC18A3).
  • Three distinct gene expression modules were identified, with stage-specific functions related to glial/neuronal differentiation, hormone secretion, and estradiol response, coordinating HPG axis regulation.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive transcriptomic overview of the ARC across different pubertal stages was generated.
  • The findings provide a valuable resource for studying puberty and related sexual development disorders.