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Emergency medicine updates: Droperidol.

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|January 22, 2022
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Summary

Droperidol is a safe and effective medication for emergency clinicians, suitable for treating agitation, nausea, vomiting, headaches, and vertigo. Reevaluation confirms its efficacy and safety, even after past concerns regarding QT prolongation.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Droperidol, a butyrophenone, was reintroduced after a 2001 US FDA black box warning.
  • Previous concerns centered on QT prolongation and torsades de pointes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Provide evidence-based updates on droperidol use for emergency clinicians.
  • Address safety and efficacy concerns following its reintroduction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available literature and clinical data.
  • Analysis of safety profiles, particularly regarding cardiac effects.

Main Results:

  • Reevaluation indicates droperidol is safe and efficacious in the emergency department (ED).
  • QT-prolonging effects are transient, with a low risk of torsades de pointes at typical ED doses.
  • Electrocardiograms are not routinely necessary unless high-risk patients are involved.

Conclusions:

  • Droperidol is a safe and effective treatment option for acute agitation, headaches, vertigo, nausea, and vomiting in the ED.
  • The medication's benefits outweigh the risks when used appropriately in emergency settings.