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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

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Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
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Handedness in ADHD: Meta-Analyses.

Evgenia Nastou1, Sebastian Ocklenburg2, Martine Hoogman3

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Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show a higher prevalence of non-right-handedness compared to neurotypical individuals. This finding suggests potential links between ADHD

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ADDADHDHand preferenceHand skillHandednessMeta-analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Atypical handedness is linked to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders like autism and schizophrenia.
  • The association between atypical handedness and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remains unclear.
  • Conflicting empirical study results necessitate meta-analytic integration to clarify the handedness-ADHD relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct meta-analyses to determine the prevalence of atypical handedness in individuals with ADHD compared to controls.
  • To investigate associations for left-handedness, mixed-handedness, and non-right-handedness separately.

Main Methods:

  • Three meta-analyses were performed comparing handedness in individuals diagnosed with ADHD against typically developing control groups.
  • Statistical significance was assessed for differences in left-, mixed-, and non-right-handedness prevalence.

Main Results:

  • A trend towards elevated left-handedness (p=0.09) and mixed-handedness (p=0.07) was observed in individuals with ADHD.
  • Clear evidence indicates significantly higher levels of non-right-handedness in individuals with ADHD compared to controls (p=0.02).
  • These findings support the hypothesis that ADHD may involve predominantly right-hemispheric brain network alterations.

Conclusions:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is associated with a higher prevalence of non-right-handedness.
  • The observed association may be explained by right-hemispheric network involvement in ADHD.
  • Pathogenesis mechanisms in ADHD might overlap with those influencing handedness strength, but not necessarily direction.