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Assessing Interpersonal Relationships in Medical Education: the Connection Index.

David Puder¹, Chloe Dominguez², Adam Borecky²

¹Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA. Dr@DavidPuder.com.

Academic Psychiatry : the Journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry

|January 22, 2022

Summary

The Connection Index (CI12) is a reliable tool to measure resident-supervisor connection, encompassing psychological safety, empathy, educational alliance, and feedback. Higher scores correlate with improved resident well-being and learning experiences.

Keywords:

Educational alliance Empathy Feedback Psychological safety Supervision

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Area of Science:

Medical Education
Psychiatry Residency Training
Psychometric Instrument Development

Background:

The resident-physician supervisor relationship is crucial for graduate medical education.
Assessing the quality of this connection impacts the learning environment and resident well-being.
Existing methods for quantifying this relationship are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a quantitative measure of the resident-supervisor connection.
To assess the reliability and validity of the Connection Index (CI12).
To explore the relationship between connection and resident outcomes.

Main Methods:

Literature review and design of the 12-item, 7-point Connection Index (CI12).
Evaluation of CI12 reliability and validity using a 9-criteria framework.
Application to psychiatry residents over a 6-month supervision period.

Main Results:

The CI12 demonstrated high scalability, consistency, and test-retest validity.
Construct validity was confirmed through statistically significant correlations with outcome measures.
Greater connection was linked to fewer negative emotional experiences, less mistreatment, reduced burnout, and increased supervision attendance.

Conclusions:

The CI12 is a valid and reliable instrument for quantifying resident-supervisor connection.
The index measures empathy, psychological safety, educational alliance, and feedback.
Assessing connection should be integrated into the evaluation of resident clinical learning experiences.