Determining global trends in syngas fermentation research through a bibliometric analysis

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology and Bioengineering
• Environmental Science
• Chemical Engineering

Background:

• Syngas fermentation converts H2, CO, and CO2 into acids and alcohols using microorganisms.
• This process offers a promising route for carbon cycling and valorization.
• The field has experienced significant growth, particularly from 2008 onwards.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the intellectual landscape of syngas fermentation through bibliometric analysis.
• To identify key research trends, active regions, and emerging challenges in the field.

Main Methods:

• Bibliometric analysis of documents from the Web of Science database up to December 31st, 2021.
• Validation of the search query and review of titles and abstracts.
• Author-cluster analysis to assess collaboration patterns.

Main Results:

• Syngas fermentation research surged after 2008, constituting 92.5% of publications and 87.3% of citations from 2008-2021.
• The USA leads in publications and citations, with significant activity from China, Germany, and Spain.
• The field is transitioning from fundamental research to applied studies, indicating scientific maturation.

Conclusions:

• Despite increased collaboration, specialized research domains show limited inter-group interaction.
• Key challenges include mass-transfer limitations.
• Future research directions involve mixed cultures, genetic engineering, microbial chain elongation, and biorefineries.