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Bacterial community identification in poultry carcasses using high-throughput next generation sequencing.

Hiran Castagnino Kunert-Filho1, Thales Quedi Furian1, Renata Sesterhenn1

  • 1Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, 90540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

International Journal of Food Microbiology
|January 23, 2022
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Summary

High-throughput next-generation sequencing (HT-NGS) identified bacterial contamination in poultry carcasses. Stricter controls reduced microbial load, enhancing food safety in slaughterhouses.

Keywords:
Chicken meatFood safetyMicrobiotaSlaughterhouse

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Food Science
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Poultry products are vulnerable to bacterial contamination during slaughter.
  • Molecular techniques offer precise microbiome analysis.
  • Understanding the poultry carcass microbiome is crucial for food safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify bacterial components of the poultry carcass microbiome during slaughter.
  • To assess the impact of slaughterhouse processes on microbial contamination.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of control procedures in reducing bacterial load.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput next-generation sequencing (HT-NGS) for culture-independent microbiome assessment.
  • Sampling from three slaughterhouses in southern Brazil at multiple processing stages.
  • Analysis of bacterial phyla, genera, and diversity indices (Shannon diversity).

Main Results:

  • Identified key bacterial phyla (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria) and genera across establishments.
  • Detected pathogenic and spoilage bacteria, along with unexpected microorganisms.
  • Observed significant reductions in bacterial load from chiller tanks to final packaging in establishments A and B.
  • Found significant differences in microbial composition between slaughter stages.
  • Establishment B showed the highest microbial diversity, while A and B demonstrated reduced contamination with stricter controls.

Conclusions:

  • HT-NGS provides precise, quantitative microbiome insights into poultry products.
  • Slaughterhouse hygiene and control procedures significantly impact carcass microbial load.
  • Findings offer valuable data for improving food safety practices in poultry processing.