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The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
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Characterizing the Details of Spatial Construction: Cognitive Constraints and Variability.

Amy Lynne Shelton1, E Emory Davis1,2, Cathryn S Cortesa1,2

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|January 23, 2022
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Summary

Adults use a structured, layer-by-layer plan for spatial construction tasks like block copying. Completing layers as subgoals, a form of cognitive chunking, is linked to better performance in these complex cognitive-motor skills.

Keywords:
Behavior patternsBlock copyingSkilled actionSpatial cognitionSpatial construction

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Spatial Cognition

Background:

  • Spatial construction, involving creating or copying spatial arrangements, is crucial for human cognition.
  • These abilities are linked to academic success and are assessed in IQ tests.
  • Understanding the underlying cognitive processes of spatial construction is limited due to task complexity and focus on end results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the detailed cognitive processes involved in adults' performance on a spatial block copying task.
  • To analyze step-by-step actions rather than just the final accuracy.
  • To identify underlying strategies and their relation to performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an automated recording and coding system to capture detailed performance data.
  • Analyzed the sequence of actions during a block copying task.
  • Examined patterns of convergence and divergence in building strategies.

Main Results:

  • Adults consistently employed a structured, organized plan, building layer by layer from bottom to top.
  • Complete layers acted as convergence points with high agreement, while steps within layers showed divergence.
  • This layer-based subgoal strategy, indicative of cognitive chunking, correlated with improved building performance.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial construction tasks are often executed using layers as common subgoals, demonstrating cognitive chunking.
  • This structured approach to building is functionally related to enhanced performance.
  • Findings provide a basis for understanding and potentially training complex cognitive-motor skills.