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Can we predict risk for cardiac involvement in paediatric inflammatory multi-system syndrome?

Nurhayat Yakut1, Ibrahim Cansaran Tanidir2, Kahraman Yakut2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Cardiology in the Young
|January 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac involvement is common in paediatric inflammatory multi-system syndrome (PIMS). Biomarkers like troponin T, pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and interleukin 6 can help predict this cardiac complication in affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Paediatric inflammatory multi-system syndrome (PIMS) is an emerging concern in children.
  • This condition shares similarities with Kawasaki disease and toxic shock syndrome.
  • Understanding PIMS clinical and laboratory features is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate clinical and laboratory features of children diagnosed with PIMS.
  • To compare characteristics between PIMS patients with and without cardiac involvement.
  • To identify predictors of cardiac complications in PIMS.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective single-centre study of 57 PIMS patients (Nov 2020-Mar 2021).
  • Data collected on demographics, symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 status, and cardiac involvement.
  • Statistical analysis to compare groups and identify predictive biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea were common symptoms.
  • 33% of patients (19/57) exhibited cardiac involvement, including valvular regurgitation and left ventricular dysfunction.
  • Elevated troponin T, pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and interleukin 6 levels were associated with cardiac involvement.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac involvement is a frequent complication in children with PIMS.
  • Troponin T, pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and interleukin 6 show potential as predictive biomarkers for cardiac complications in PIMS.
  • Early identification of at-risk children can guide management and improve outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Paediatric inflammatory multi-system syndromecardiac involvementchildrenechocardiographyrisk

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