Chemical Composition and Flexural Strength Discrepancies Between Milled and Lithography-Based Additively Manufactured
Marta Revilla-León1,2,3, Nadin Al-Haj Husain4,5, Abdul B Barmak6
1Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Summary
Additively manufactured (AM) zirconia shows superior flexural strength compared to milled zirconia, with no significant differences in chemical composition. This finding highlights AM
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Additive Manufacturing
Background:
- Zirconia is a widely used ceramic material in dentistry and other high-performance applications.
- Traditional milling techniques have limitations in fabricating complex zirconia structures.
- Additive manufacturing (AM) offers potential advantages for zirconia fabrication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the chemical composition, flexural strength, and Weibull characteristics of milled and lithography-based additively manufactured 3Y-TZP zirconia.
- To evaluate the mechanical performance and material integrity of AM zirconia relative to conventionally milled zirconia.
Main Methods:
- Specimens of 3Y-TZP zirconia were fabricated using both milling (M group) and lithography-based AM (AM group).
- Chemical composition was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX) elemental analysis.
- Flexural strength was determined via a 3-point bend test according to ISO/CD 6872.2.
- Weibull distribution parameters were calculated to assess material reliability.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in chemical composition were observed between the milled and AM zirconia groups.
- AM zirconia specimens demonstrated significantly higher mean flexural strength (1518.9 MPa) compared to milled specimens (980.5 MPa).
- The Weibull shape parameter was higher for milled specimens (11.49) than for AM specimens (6.95), indicating different failure distribution patterns.
Conclusions:
- The chemical composition of milled and additively manufactured 3Y-TZP zirconia is comparable.
- Lithography-based AM zirconia exhibits significantly enhanced flexural strength over milled zirconia.
- AM presents a promising alternative for producing high-strength zirconia components.
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