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Infectious Bronchitis Virus Types Affecting European Countries-A Review.

J J de Wit1,2, M K de Wit3, J K A Cook4

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This summary is machine-generated.

Infectious bronchitis virus remains a major poultry pathogen in Europe due to emerging variants. Vaccines help but do not eliminate the problem, necessitating ongoing surveillance of prevalent genotypes.

Keywords:
EuropeIBVinfectious bronchitis virusvariants

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Poultry Disease Management

Background:

  • Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has been a significant respiratory pathogen in the European poultry industry since the 1940s.
  • While vaccines (live attenuated and inactivated) have improved poultry health, they have not eradicated IBV infections.
  • The continuous emergence of new IBV variants (serotypes/genotypes) is the primary reason for the persistent problem.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the most prevalent infectious bronchitis virus genotypes in Europe over recent decades.
  • To identify the origins of these prevalent IBV genotypes, distinguishing between local European types and those originating elsewhere.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications and surveillance data.
  • Analysis of reported IBV genotypes circulating in European poultry populations.
  • Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of IBV strains.

Main Results:

  • Several IBV genotypes have predominated in Europe in recent decades.
  • Some identified genotypes appear to be indigenous to Europe.
  • Other prevalent genotypes have been traced to origins outside of Europe.

Conclusions:

  • The emergence of novel IBV genotypes poses an ongoing challenge to poultry health in Europe.
  • Understanding the origin and prevalence of IBV genotypes is crucial for effective disease control and vaccine development.
  • Continued monitoring of IBV genetic diversity is essential for the European poultry industry.