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Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
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Laxatives enhance bowel movements and alleviate constipation. They augment the stool's bulk, stimulate intestinal muscle contractions, draw water into the intestines, or soften the stool. There are five key types of laxatives: bulk laxatives, stimulant laxatives, osmotic laxatives, stool softeners, and lubricant laxatives.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Perturbations of Circulating miRNAs in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Detected Using a Multiplexed High-throughput Gene Expression Platform
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Transcriptomic Signatures Associated With Gray Matter Volume Changes in Patients With Functional Constipation.

Wangli Cai1, Yujing Zhou2, Lidi Wan1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China..

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|January 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Functional constipation patients show reduced gray matter volume (GMV) in key brain areas, linked to quality of life and depression. Gene expression changes may underlie these brain alterations in functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Keywords:
Allen Human Brain Atlasfunctional constipationgene expression analysisgray matter volumeimaging-genetics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gastroenterology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Functional constipation is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) impacting daily life.
  • FGID patients exhibit brain alterations, but the effect on gray matter volume (GMV) and associated genes in functional constipation is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain gray matter volume (GMV) changes in functional constipation patients using structural MRI.
  • To identify potential genes correlated with GMV alterations in functional constipation.

Main Methods:

  • Structural MRI was used to compare GMV between 30 functional constipation patients and 30 healthy controls.
  • Correlation analyses were performed between GMV and clinical scores (depression, quality of life, constipation severity).
  • Gene expression correlations with GMV changes were assessed using the Allen Human Brain Atlas.

Main Results:

  • Functional constipation patients exhibited significantly decreased GMV in the right orbital prefrontal cortex (OFC), left precentral gyrus (PreG), and bilateral thalamus (THA).
  • Reduced GMV in the OFC and THA correlated negatively with quality of life and depression scores.
  • 18 genes showed robust correlations with GMV changes in functional constipation patients.

Conclusions:

  • Functional constipation is associated with decreased GMV in specific brain regions, including the OFC, PreG, and THA.
  • These GMV changes correlate with clinical symptoms and quality of life, suggesting a brain-gut axis connection.
  • Identified genes offer potential insights into the biological mechanisms underlying GMV alterations in functional constipation.