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Related Experiment Videos

Autooxidative degradation of implanted polyether polyurethane devices.

K Stokes1, A Coury, P Urbanski

  • 1Medtronic, Inc. Minneapolis, MN 55430.

Journal of Biomaterials Applications
|April 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Metallic corrosion products can degrade polyether polyurethanes, impacting medical devices. Studies show cobalt and iron corrosion accelerate polyurethane breakdown, particularly in cardiac pacing leads.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Medical Device Engineering

Background:

  • Polyether polyurethanes are used in medical devices but can interact with the body environment.
  • Metallic components in devices can corrode, releasing ions that may affect polymer stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the autooxidation of polyether polyurethanes induced by metallic corrosion products.
  • To assess the degradation of polyurethane-insulated cardiac pacing leads due to metal ion exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Polyurethane specimens were immersed in metal ion solutions with varying oxidation potentials.
  • Cardiac pacing leads insulated with Pellethane 2363-80A were exposed to hydrogen peroxide.
  • In vivo studies were conducted over one year.

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Main Results:

  • Corrosion products from metallic parts were shown to cause rapid autooxidation of polyether soft segments.
  • Exposure to hydrogen peroxide reasonably duplicated the degradation mechanism observed in vitro.
  • In vivo studies confirmed that cobalt and iron corrosion products induce the most significant polyurethane degradation after one year.

Conclusions:

  • Metallic corrosion products represent a significant risk factor for polyether polyurethane degradation in medical devices.
  • The findings highlight the need to consider material interactions between metallic components and polyurethanes in device design.
  • Further research is needed to develop strategies for mitigating this degradation pathway.