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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Bioluminescent Optogenetics 2.0: Harnessing Bioluminescence to Activate Photosensory Proteins In Vitro and In Vivo

Bioluminescent Optogenetics 2.0: Harnessing Bioluminescence to Activate Photosensory Proteins In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: August 4, 2021

Optophysiology: Illuminating cell physiology with optogenetics.

Peng Tan^1,2, Lian He¹, Yun Huang^3,4

¹Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas.

Physiological Reviews

|January 24, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Optogenetics uses light and genetics for precise control of biological functions. New tools, including opsin-free methods and wireless optogenetics, enhance cellular control and disease intervention.

Keywords:

cellular physiology nanophotonics optogenetics signal transduction synthetic biology

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Bioluminescent Optogenetics 2.0: Harnessing Bioluminescence to Activate Photosensory Proteins In Vitro and In Vivo

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Published on: August 4, 2021

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Published on: January 15, 2015

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Interrogation of Long-Range Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity from Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Lateral Entorhinal Cortex

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Published on: February 25, 2022

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Neuroscience

Background:

Optogenetics enables precise control of biological systems using light and genetics.
It offers advantages like noninvasiveness, rapid response, and high spatiotemporal resolution.
Advancements include microbial opsins and engineered photoreceptors for diverse light responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To review optogenetic tools based on photochemical properties and design principles.
To highlight opsin-free optogenetics (optophysiology) and wireless optogenetics.
To stimulate innovation in next-generation optogenetic tools for research and therapy.

Main Methods:

Summarizing optogenetic tools by their photochemical properties.
Reviewing protein engineering and synthetic biology approaches.
Highlighting applications in cellular physiology and in vivo studies.

Main Results:

A diverse range of photoreceptors and photosensitive domains are available for optogenetics.
Genetically encoded photoswitches can be engineered for various biological controls.
Opsin-free and wireless optogenetics represent significant advancements.

Conclusions:

Optogenetics offers powerful, noninvasive control over biological processes.
Engineering optogenetic tools accelerates basic research and translational applications.
Future directions include advanced wireless and opsin-free systems for enhanced physiological interrogation.