Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Vestibular System01:29

The Vestibular System

40.6K
The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
40.6K
Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

5.2K
The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
5.2K
Vision01:24

Vision

55.8K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
55.8K
Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

1.9K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
1.9K
Visual System01:26

Visual System

795
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
795
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

1.3K
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Modeling soil solution electrical conductivity across Europe.

The Science of the total environment·2026
Same author

Structure-Guided Optimization of Novel Inhibitors of <i>Plasmodium</i> Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase with Multistage Activity against Malaria Parasites.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

Frequent Droughts Reduce Carbon Stabilisation in Organo-Mineral Soils.

Global change biology·2026
Same author

Spatial and temporal assessment of soil degradation risk in Europe.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Initial Single-Centre Experience With the Abbott Pro-Style Closure Device for Percutaneous Decannulation Following Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Weaning.

ANZ journal of surgery·2025
Same author

The Fraction of Carbon in Soil Organic Matter as a National-Scale Soil Process Indicator.

Global change biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform
10:12

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

Published on: May 23, 2013

16.0K

Signal processing in the vestibulo-ocular reflex.

David A Robinson1

  • 1Late Professor of Ophthalmology, Biomedical Engineering and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Progress in Brain Research
|January 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This chapter models the neural control of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) during head rotations. It explains how neuronal signals combine to program compensatory eye movements, detailing signal integration and pathway roles.

Keywords:
Medial longitudinal fasciculusNeural integratorNucleus prepositus hypoglossiVestibular nucleusVestibulo-ocular reflex

More Related Videos

Video-oculography in Mice
09:43

Video-oculography in Mice

Published on: July 19, 2012

24.0K
Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice
09:28

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice

Published on: June 23, 2023

3.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform
10:12

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

Published on: May 23, 2013

16.0K
Video-oculography in Mice
09:43

Video-oculography in Mice

Published on: July 19, 2012

24.0K
Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice
09:28

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice

Published on: June 23, 2023

3.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) stabilizes gaze during head movements.
  • Understanding the neural circuitry of VOR is crucial for treating vestibular disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop computational models of the neural control of the VOR.
  • To explain how neuronal subpopulations and pathways contribute to compensatory eye movements.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling the discharge properties of neuronal subpopulations.
  • Integrating anatomical connection data.
  • Analyzing signal processing for horizontal and vertical head rotations.

Main Results:

  • Models account for the neural integration of vestibular signals.
  • Differences in neuronal processing for horizontal versus vertical VOR are elucidated.
  • The role of specific pathways, like the medial longitudinal fasciculus, is discussed.

Conclusions:

  • The developed models provide a framework for understanding VOR neural control.
  • This work aids in explaining the programming of compensatory eye movements following head perturbations.