Critical appraisal of international adult bronchiectasis guidelines using the AGREE II tool

Guidelines aim to standardize and optimize diagnosis and management. We evaluated the quality of evidence supporting recommendations from different international adult guidelines on bronchiectasis, and classified with the GRADE system.

Quality of eligible clinical practice guidelines was assessed for six domains using the AGREE II tool, with ≥ 80% rating as excellent.

Seven guidelines (283 recommendations) were analyzed, and four of them were considered "recommended for use" (three reported after 2017 as excellent). Overall, 144 (50.9%) recommendations were based on low-quality evidence, representing 81.5% in diagnosis and 36.2% in therapy. In contrast, 5/92 (5.4%) and 40/191 (20.9%) recommendations regarding diagnostic and treatment (respectively) were based on high-quality evidence. Quality agreement ratings were significantly (p< 0.05) higher for guidelines delivered after 2015, progressing from 27.7% to 58.3%, qualifying as excellent. Highest scores were documented in the domains of "scope and purpose" followed by "clarifying of presentation" and "editorial independence".

Updated guidelines reported after 2017 improved quality, although well-designed randomized clinical trials remain an unmet need. AGREE II quality assessment identified four guidelines qualified as recommended for use. Improvements are required in stakeholder involvement and applicability.