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Correlation Between Drinking Water and Iodine Status: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Francilene Maria Azevedo1, Almeida Abudo Leite Machamba2, Aline Carare Candido2
1Departamento de Nutrição E Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Ed. Centro de Ciências Biológicas II Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil. francilene.azevedoufv@gmail.com.
This review found a strong correlation between iodine in drinking water and population iodine status. Determining safe iodine levels in water can help control intake and prevent thyroid dysfunction.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Iodine is vital for normal body function, and its environmental distribution impacts human consumption.
- Inadequate or excessive iodine intake can lead to thyroid dysfunction.
- Understanding the relationship between drinking water iodine and population iodine status is crucial for public health.
Approach:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines.
- Literature searches were performed across major databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane Library) up to June 2021.
- Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for cross-sectional studies.
Key Points:
- Ten studies were included in the systematic review, with five contributing to the meta-analysis.
- Median iodine concentrations in drinking water varied widely (2.2 to 617.8 μg/L).
- A high correlation (0.92) was found between drinking water iodine concentration and urinary iodine concentration.
Conclusions:
- Population iodine status is significantly correlated with iodine content in drinking water.
- Establishing cutoff points for iodine in drinking water can aid in implementing effective iodine consumption control measures.
- This research supports public health strategies for managing iodine intake through water sources.
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