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Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
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Secreted Non-Coding RNAs: Functional Impact on the Tumor Microenvironment and Clinical Relevance in Triple-Negative

Silvia Di Agostino1, Mahrou Vahabi2, Chiara Turco2

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.

Non-Coding RNA
|January 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Secreted non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a crucial role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression and treatment resistance. These molecules, found in circulation, show promise as non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for TNBC.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents a poor prognosis and high metastatic potential due to a lack of targeted therapies.
  • Current TNBC treatments rely on chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, with limited success in precision medicine.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their role in TNBC's oncogenic processes, including proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of secreted circulating ncRNAs in intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of TNBC.
  • To explore the potential of these ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic non-invasive biomarkers for TNBC patients.
  • To highlight novel insights into how ncRNAs contribute to TNBC progression and treatment resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the function and detection of secreted ncRNAs in TNBC.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the impact of ncRNAs on tumor microenvironment components.
  • Examination of research on the diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating ncRNAs in TNBC.

Main Results:

  • Secreted ncRNAs are implicated in driving proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis in TNBC.
  • These ncRNAs modulate immune and stromal cell activity within the TME.
  • Circulating ncRNAs in serum/plasma are emerging as promising biomarkers for TNBC detection and prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • Secreted circulating ncRNAs are key mediators of intercellular communication in the TNBC TME.
  • These molecules represent a significant advancement in the development of non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools for TNBC.
  • Targeting or utilizing these ncRNAs may offer novel therapeutic strategies for TNBC management.
Keywords:
TNBCbreast cancerexosomesliquid biopsyncRNAnon-coding RNAtumor microenvironment

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