Prunus necrotic ringspot virus in Turkey: an immigrant population

Area of Science:

• Plant Pathology
• Virology
• Genetics

Background:

• Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) is a significant pathogen affecting stone fruit crops globally.
• Understanding the genetic diversity and origin of PNRSV is crucial for effective disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the origin and genetic relationships of PNRSV isolates from a recent outbreak in Turkey.
• To analyze the global genetic diversity of PNRSV using comprehensive sequence data.

Main Methods:

• Phylogenetic analysis of coat protein (CP) and complete genomic sequences.
• Population genetic methods to infer evolutionary history.
• Analysis of recombination and reassortment events in PNRSV genomes.

Main Results:

• Phylogenetic analyses suggest the most recent common ancestor of global PNRSV populations is American.
• Turkish PNRSV isolates show evidence of multiple introductions and reassortment.
• Recombination was detected in RNA1 and RNA2 segments, while CP and MP phylogenies were correlated.

Conclusions:

• The study highlights the complex evolutionary history of PNRSV, with probable American origins and multiple introductions into Turkey.
• Results emphasize the critical importance of stringent international and local quarantine measures to prevent the spread of PNRSV in stone fruit production.