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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Assessment of language impairment and function.

Jessica D Richardson1, Sarah Grace Dalton2

  • 1Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
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PubMed
Summary

Detecting aphasia, a language disorder following brain injury, is crucial for patient outcomes and understanding its global impact. This chapter introduces the LANGUAGE acronym to aid in screening and assessment.

Keywords:
AphasiaAssessmentDiscourseFidelityLanguageLatent aphasiaNot aphasic by WABScreening

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Aphasia, a language disorder resulting from stroke or brain injury, significantly impacts psychosocial well-being.
  • Latent aphasia, even when mild, presents challenges for individuals and accurate global burden assessment.
  • Early and accurate detection of aphasia is critical for effective intervention and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of detecting all forms of aphasia, including latent presentations.
  • To provide a structured approach for aphasia screening and assessment.
  • To offer recommendations for improving procedural adherence and introduce brief assessment tools.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the "LANGUAGE" acronym as a mnemonic checklist for comprehensive aphasia assessment.
  • Defining language (L) and aphasia (A) with diagnostic criteria.
  • Detailing specific language domains for assessment: Naming (N), Grammar/Syntax (G), Unintelligible words/Jargon/Paraphasias (U), Auditory Comprehension/Repetition (A), Reading/Writing (G), and Everyday Communication/Discourse (E).

Main Results:

  • The "LANGUAGE" acronym provides a systematic framework for evaluating various facets of aphasia.
  • Highlights the negative psychosocial outcomes associated with untreated aphasia.
  • Identifies key areas for assessment to ensure sensitive detection and accurate diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Sensitive detection and accurate diagnosis of aphasia are paramount for both individual patient care and epidemiological studies.
  • The "LANGUAGE" acronym serves as a practical tool for clinicians to navigate aphasia assessment.
  • Improved procedural adherence and the use of brief assessment measures can enhance the identification and management of aphasia.