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Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

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Resting state network activation and functional connectivity in the dying brain.

Elizabeth G Blundon¹, Romayne E Gallagher², Lawrence M Ward³

¹Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Canada.

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

|January 26, 2022

Summary

Some unresponsive patients at the end of life may retain the ability for internally-oriented thought, indicated by preserved default mode network (DMN) connectivity. This suggests potential for mind-wandering even when unresponsive.

Keywords:

Consciousness Default Mode Network EEG End of Life Task Positive Network

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Published on: November 13, 2016

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

The default mode network (DMN) and task-positive network (TPN) are crucial for internally-oriented thought and external engagement, respectively.
Understanding brain network connectivity in unresponsive individuals at the end of life is vital for assessing awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate electrophysiological functional connectivity within the DMN and TPN in unresponsive hospice patients.
To compare network connectivity in unresponsive patients with healthy controls and responsive hospice patients.

Main Methods:

Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings were obtained during resting state.
Analysis focused on functional connectivity within the DMN and TPN in healthy controls, responsive hospice patients, and unresponsive hospice patients.

Main Results:

DMN connectivity prevalence was similar across all groups.
Overall functional connectivity was higher within the DMN than the TPN for all groups.
The number of DMN connections exceeded TPN connections in controls and responsive patients, but not in unresponsive patients.

Conclusions:

Some unresponsive patients may possess the functional architecture for internally-oriented thought.
Resting-state DMN-TPN anti-correlations might persist in some unresponsive end-of-life patients.