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Resolution of coronary arteritis following tuberculosis treatment

Nestor Barreto-Neto1, Alexandre W Segre2, Lissiane K N Guedes1

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
|January 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Tuberculosis (TB) may contribute to coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs), as seen in a patient whose aneurysms resolved after TB treatment. Further research is needed to confirm this link.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are rare, often linked to atherosclerosis.
  • Systemic vasculitides are key differential diagnoses for CAAs.
  • Tuberculosis (TB) is an underrecognized potential cause of CAAs.

Observation:

  • A 60-year-old female presented with myocardial infarction and coronary artery aneurysms.
  • The patient was diagnosed with cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) and initiated treatment.
  • Follow-up angiography showed complete resolution of the coronary artery aneurysms.

Findings:

  • Inflammation markers decreased significantly after TB treatment.
  • Clinical and radiological resolution occurred solely with TB therapy.
  • Atherosclerotic or vasculitic causes were not supported by evidence.

Implications:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a potential contributor to coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) formation.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering infectious etiologies for CAAs.
  • Prospective studies are required to establish causality between TB and CAA.
Abstract

Keywords:
Aortic aneurysmCoronary aneurysmTakayasu arteritisTuberculosis

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