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Design Considerations for Interacting and Navigating with 2 Dimensional and 3 Dimensional Medical Images in Virtual,
Jennifer N Avari Silva1,2,3, Michael K Southworth3, Christopher M Andrews3
1Department of Pediatrics, Cardiology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
Summary
Extended realities (virtual, augmented, and mixed realities) offer expanding medical applications. Design must consider end-users, use cases, imaging types, and regulations for effective virtual, augmented, and mixed reality tools.
Area of Science:
- Medical Technology
- Immersive Technologies
- Healthcare Innovation
Background:
- Extended realities, encompassing virtual, augmented, and mixed realities (VAMR), have advanced significantly, leading to increased medical applications.
- VAMR medical applications can be categorized by end-user (patient, physician, or both) and use case (education, diagnosis, therapy).
- Design of VAMR medical applications requires careful consideration of end-user, use case, and interaction methods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore design considerations for medical applications in extended realities.
- To analyze the impact of end-user, use case, and imaging modalities on VAMR medical application design.
- To examine regulatory influences on the development of VAMR medical tools.
Main Methods:
- Review of design principles for virtual, augmented, and mixed reality medical applications.
- Analysis of interaction and navigation methods in VAMR for medical use cases.
- Case study of three VAMR tools developed for cardiac electrophysiology procedures.
Main Results:
- Hardware advancements are driving VAMR adoption in medicine.
- User-centric and use-case-specific design is crucial for VAMR medical tools.
- Integration of 2D and 3D medical imaging presents unique design challenges.
- Regulatory compliance significantly impacts VAMR medical application design.
Conclusions:
- Successful VAMR medical application development hinges on a holistic design approach.
- Consideration of user, application type, imaging, and regulations is essential for effective VAMR tools.
- VAMR holds significant potential for advancing cardiac electrophysiology procedures and other medical fields.

