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Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
Published on: October 12, 2017
High-density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation as a diagnostics biomarker in coronary artery disease
Shima Yazdandoust1, Seyyed Mohammad Reza Parizadeh2, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan3
1Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Insights
Elevated serum High-density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation (HDLox) levels are significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). HDLox shows promise as a diagnostic biomarker for detecting CAD and arterial stenosis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biochemistry
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a crucial role in reverse cholesterol transport and possesses antioxidant properties.
- Oxidation of HDL diminishes its protective functions and contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
- Assessing oxidized HDL, specifically HDL lipid peroxidation (HDLox), may offer insights into cardiovascular disease risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate serum HDLox levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to healthy controls.
- To investigate the association between HDLox levels and the presence and severity of CAD.
- To compare the diagnostic capability of HDLox versus HDL-C in detecting CAD.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 572 stable CAD patients and 281 healthy controls.
- Serum HDLox levels were quantified using a fluorimetric method.
- Coronary angiography was used to assess CAD presence and severity (stenosis ≥50%); Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed for diagnostic comparison.
Main Results:
- CAD patients exhibited significantly higher serum HDLox levels than controls (p < 0.001).
- Serum HDLox levels were significantly higher in patients with CAD and stenosis ≥50% compared to those without (p < 0.001).
- HDLox demonstrated a significant association with CAD presence (OR: 1.754) and stenosis ≥50% (OR: 1.729), and outperformed HDL-C in ROC analysis for CAD detection.
Conclusions:
- Elevated serum HDLox levels are strongly associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease.
- HDLox serves as a more effective diagnostic biomarker for CAD and significant coronary artery stenosis than HDL-C.
- The findings suggest HDLox is a valuable potential biomarker for diagnosing CAD, reflecting HDL dysfunction in atherosclerosis.
Abstract:
This study aimed at evaluating the serum High-density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation (HDLox) levels and their association with coronary artery disease (CAD). This case-control study comprised 572 patients with stable CAD and 281 healthy subjects with no history of cardiovascular disease (control group). Based on the results of coronary angiography, the patient group was divided into two groups: CAD- and CAD+. HDLox was measured using a fluorimetric method. The ability of HDLox and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to detect CAD and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% was also compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The CAD patients showed significantly higher serum HDLox levels, compared to the control group [1.15 (1.01-1.31) vs. 0.85 (0.62-1.06), no units, p < 0.001]. Moreover, serum HDLox levels were significantly lower in CAD- patients, compared to the CAD+ patients [1.05 (0.92-1.22) vs. 1.24 (1.12-1.35), no units, p < 0.001]. According to the results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression, the HDLox showed association with the presence of CAD (odds ratio [OR]: 1.754; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.564-1.968; p < 0.001) and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% (OR: 1.729; 95% CI: 1.534-1.949; p < 0.001). The results obtained from the area under the ROC curve revealed that the HDLox could better detect the risk of CAD and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% compared to serum HDL-C level. The oxidation of HDL leads to a reduction in its antioxidant function and it has a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis. HDLox is suggested as a diagnostics biomarker for CAD.
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