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Analysis of Dendritic Spine Morphology in Cultured CNS Neurons
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Effect of Mg Cation Diffusion Coefficient on Mg Dendrite Formation.

Yuxing Zhao1, Xinxin Zhang1, Jianhua Xiao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Magnesium (Mg) metal anodes can form dendrites at high current densities due to concentration polarization. Adding LiCl to all-phenyl-complex (APC) electrolytes suppresses dendrite growth by enhancing Mg cation diffusion.

Keywords:
LiCl additivesMg dendritediffusion limitationelectrolytessolvent structure

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • Dendrite formation is a critical challenge for metal anode-based battery systems.
  • The assumption that magnesium (Mg) metal anodes are dendrite-free has been recently questioned.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Mg electrodeposition behavior in an all-phenyl-complex (APC) electrolyte.
  • To understand the mechanism of Mg dendrite formation at high current densities.
  • To evaluate the effect of LiCl additive on Mg dendrite suppression.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical investigation of Mg deposition in 0.3 M APC electrolyte.
  • Development of a semiquantitative model to explain dendrite growth.
  • Analysis of Mg dendrite formation with and without LiCl additive.

Main Results:

  • Mg dendrites readily form at high current densities in APC electrolyte.
  • Increased current density leads to decreased Mg-ion concentration and enhanced concentration polarization.
  • Mg dendrite growth is favored at electrode protrusion tips.
  • LiCl addition effectively suppresses Mg dendrite formation.

Conclusions:

  • Mg dendrite formation is a significant issue in APC electrolytes, particularly at high current densities.
  • The primary mechanism for LiCl's dendrite suppression is the enhancement of the Mg cation diffusion coefficient.
  • The electrostatic shielding effect of Li cations plays a minor role in mitigating dendrite formation.