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The next major emergent infectious disease: reflections on vaccine emergency development strategies
Yu Bai1,2,3, Qian Wang1,2,3, Mingchen Liu1,2,3
1Institute of Biological Products, Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China.
Introduction:
Major emergent infectious diseases (MEID) pose the most serious threat to human health. The research proposes targeted response strategies for the prevention and control of potential MEID.
Areas Covered:
Based on the analysis of infectious diseases, this research analyzes pandemics that have a high probability of occurrence and aims to synthesize the past experience and lessons learned of controlling infectious diseases such as coronavirus, influenza, Ebola, etc. In addition, by integrating major infectious disease response guidelines developed by WHO, the European Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom, we intend to bring forward national vaccine R&D development strategies for emergency use.
Expert Opinion:
We advise to establish and improve existing laws, regulations, and also prevention and control systems for the emergent R&D and application of vaccines in response to potential infectious diseases. The strategies would not only help increase the various abilities in response to the research, development, evaluation, production, and supervision of emergency vaccines, but also establish surrogate endpoint of immunogenicity protection in early clinical studies to enable a rapid evaluation of the efficacy of emergency vaccines.
Insights
This study proposes targeted strategies to prevent and control major emergent infectious diseases (MEID). It outlines national vaccine R&D development plans for emergency use, enhancing preparedness for future pandemics.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Disease Control
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Major emergent infectious diseases (MEID) represent a significant global health threat.
- Effective prevention and control strategies are crucial for mitigating pandemic risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose targeted response strategies for the prevention and control of potential MEID.
- To develop national vaccine R&D strategies for emergency use, informed by global best practices.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of historical infectious disease outbreaks and control measures (e.g., coronavirus, influenza, Ebola).
- Integration of international guidelines from WHO, EU, US, and UK for infectious disease response.
- Synthesis of lessons learned to inform vaccine research and development (R&D).
Main Results:
- Identified key areas for improving national vaccine R&D capabilities for emergency situations.
- Proposed establishment of surrogate endpoints for immunogenicity in early clinical trials.
- Outlined a framework for rapid efficacy evaluation of emergency vaccines.
Conclusions:
- Advocates for strengthening legal and regulatory frameworks for emergent vaccine R&D and application.
- Emphasizes the need for enhanced national capacity in vaccine research, development, evaluation, production, and oversight.
- Recommends establishing surrogate endpoints to accelerate vaccine efficacy assessment during public health emergencies.
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