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Maize Growth Responses to a Humic Product in Iowa Production Fields: An Extensive Approach.

Daniel C Olk1, Dana L Dinnes1, Chad R Callaway2

  • 1National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA, United States.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|January 27, 2022
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Summary

Humic products consistently improved maize (Zea mays L.) growth and grain yield in high-yielding Midwestern fields. This study provides broad evidence for humic product efficacy in agricultural settings.

Keywords:
grain yieldhumic productleaf areamaizeon-farm survey

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Area of Science:

  • Agronomy
  • Soil Science
  • Plant Nutrition

Background:

  • Commercial humic products are widely used, but their consistent field efficacy is not well-documented.
  • Previous evaluations often lack replication across diverse locations and growing seasons.
  • Understanding humic product performance in high-yielding agricultural systems is crucial for optimizing crop production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the consistency of humic product efficacy on maize (Zea mays L.) growth under high-yielding field conditions.
  • To assess the impact of humic products on maize grain yield and yield components across multiple site-year combinations.
  • To determine the effects of humic products on leaf area and nutrient concentrations in maize.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted replicated strip plot trials across five site-year combinations (2010-2013) in Midwestern US fields.
  • Implemented large-scale demonstration strips in 30-35 production fields annually (2009-2011) across Iowa.
  • Measured mechanized combine grain yield, grain weight, yield components, total leaf area, and nutrient concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Humic product application consistently increased grain yield by 0.2-0.4 Mg ha⁻¹ (1-4%) in replicated plots.
  • Maize grain weight significantly increased by 6.5% across three growing seasons in demonstration strips.
  • Yield increases were attributed to enhanced ear length, and total leaf area was significantly greater with humic product application.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides extensive geographic evidence for the consistent efficacy of a humic product in improving maize growth.
  • Humic products demonstrate potential to enhance maize yield, particularly ear length, in high-yielding agricultural environments.
  • Humic product application did not consistently alter grain/stover nutrient concentrations or soil properties.