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Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Intestinal Bacteria Cultivation for Poultry
04:36

Author Spotlight: Advancing Intestinal Bacteria Cultivation for Poultry

Published on: May 10, 2024

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Turicibacter bilis sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from the chicken eggshell and swine ileum

Joel J Maki1,2,3, Torey Looft1

  • 1Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA.

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
|January 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Three novel anaerobic bacteria, *Turicibacter bilis* sp. nov., were identified from chicken eggshells and pig ileum. These findings expand the known diversity within the *Turicibacter* genus.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The genus *Turicibacter* currently comprises only one described species, *Turicibacter sanguinis*.
  • Anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria are significant components of animal gastrointestinal and environmental microbiomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize and classify novel anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterial isolates from animal sources.
  • To determine if these isolates represent a new species within the *Turicibacter* genus.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and cultivation of anaerobic bacteria from chicken eggshells and pig ileum.
  • Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • Whole genome sequencing for digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) calculations.
  • Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis and volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiling.

Main Results:

  • Three novel isolates (MMM721T, ISU324, PIG517) were identified as belonging to the genus *Turicibacter*.
  • Genomic analyses (dDDH < 70%, ANI < 95%) demonstrated significant divergence from *Turicibacter sanguinis*, supporting novel species status.
  • Strain MMM721T exhibited characteristic fatty acid profiles and produced lactate as the primary volatile fatty acid.

Conclusions:

  • The isolates MMM721T, ISU324, and PIG517 represent a novel species, *Turicibacter bilis* sp. nov.
  • This discovery expands the known taxonomic and ecological range of the *Turicibacter* genus.
Keywords:
anaerobepoultryswineturicibacter

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