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Type-1 Laryngeal Cleft and Pathogenic Bacterial Growth in the Lower Airway in Children

Tu-Anh N Ha1, Julina Ongkasuwan1, David R Spielberg2

  • 1Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.

The Laryngoscope
|January 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children with type-1 laryngeal clefts face increased risk of lower airway pathogenic bacterial growth. This study highlights a significant association, urging further investigation into this pediatric respiratory concern.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Type-1 laryngeal clefts are congenital anomalies affecting the larynx.
  • The lower airway's susceptibility to bacterial infections in these children is not fully understood.
  • Identifying risk factors for lower airway infections is crucial for pediatric respiratory health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between type-1 laryngeal clefts and pathogenic bacterial growth in the lower airway of pediatric patients.
  • To determine if laryngeal clefts correlate with increased bacterial presence in the lower respiratory tract.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective chart review of 217 children undergoing laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and esophagogastroduodenoscopy.
  • Diagnosis of type-1 laryngeal clefts by a pediatric otolaryngologist.
  • Identification of pathogenic bacterial growth via BAL cultures.

Main Results:

  • Type-1 laryngeal cleft was significantly associated with chronic cough and cough with feeds.
  • 56% of patients had type-1 laryngeal cleft, and 35% had pathogenic bacterial growth.
  • A significant association was found between type-1 laryngeal cleft and pathogenic bacterial growth (OR 1.922, P=.0298).

Conclusions:

  • Children diagnosed with type-1 laryngeal clefts exhibit a higher risk of pathogenic bacterial colonization in their lower airways.
  • This association suggests a potential link between laryngeal anatomy and respiratory infections in affected children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Laryngeal cleftaspirationbacterial growthbronchoalveolar lavage

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