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Infantile hydrocephalus: A retrospective cohort of 467 patients from a single center

Y Caudron1, K Beccaria2, M Bourgeois3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery-AP-HP, hôpital Necker, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75019 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.

Neuro-Chirurgie
|January 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Infantile hydrocephalus has diverse causes impacting development. Post-infection and post-hemorrhage cases show higher epilepsy risk, influencing outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurosurgery
  • Developmental Neurology
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Infantile hydrocephalus (IH) presents varied etiologies impacting cognitive development and neurological comorbidities like epilepsy.
  • Limited research specifically analyzes the etiologies of IH in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a 9-year retrospective analysis of etiologies and short-term outcomes in surgically treated IH patients.
  • To identify specific etiological factors influencing neurological comorbidities and developmental outcomes in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Single-center retrospective study (2010-2018) at Necker Hospital, Paris.
  • Inclusion of patients surgically treated for hydrocephalus before age 2.
  • Review of CCAM database, digital medical files, and MRI scans.

Main Results:

  • 467 patients included; mean age at diagnosis 4.8 months; male predominance (M/F ratio=1:2).
  • Key etiologies: intraventricular hemorrhage (27.8%), arachnoid cyst (13.9%), spinal dysraphism (12.4%), brain tumor (10.5%).
  • Epilepsy risk higher in post-infection (40%) and post-hemorrhage (31%) IH, and with associated brain malformations (35%).

Conclusions:

  • Identified diverse etiologies of infantile hydrocephalus with varying neurological outcomes.
  • Etiology, epilepsy, and number of dysfunctions impact short-term school performance.
  • Tailored follow-up strategies are necessary based on specific etiological factors and observed outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
EtiologiesHydrocephalusNeurological outcomePediatrics

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